Belirtisiz olgular olabileceği bildirilmekle birlikte, bunların oranı bilinmemektedir. En çok karşılaşılan belirtiler ateş, öksürük ve nefes darlığıdır. Şiddetli olgularda zatürre, ağır solunum yetmezliği, böbrek yetmezliği ve ölüm gelişebilmektedir.
Hasta bireylerin öksürmeleri aksırmaları ile ortama saçılan damlacıkların solunması ile bulaşır. Hastaların solunum parçacıkları ile kirlenmiş yüzeylere dokunulduktan sonra ellerin yıkanmadan yüz, göz, burun veya ağıza götürülmesi ile de virüs alınabilir. Kirli ellerle göz, burun veya ağıza temas etmek risklidir.
Mümkün olduğu kadar yurtdışına yolculuk yapılmaması önerilmektedir. Yurtdışına çıkışın zorunlu olduğu durumlarda aşağıdaki kurallara dikkat edilmelidir:
Akut solunum yolu enfeksiyonlarının genel bulaşma riskini azaltmak için önerilen temel ilkeler Yeni Koronavirüs (COVID-19) için de geçerlidir. Bunlar;
Yeni Koronavirüs (COVID-19), ilk olarak Çin’in Vuhan Eyaleti’nde Aralık ayının sonlarında solunum yolu belirtileri (ateş, öksürük, nefes darlığı) gelişen bir grup hastada yapılan araştırmalar sonucunda 13 Ocak 2020’de tanımlanan bir virüstür.
Salgın başlangıçta bu bölgedeki deniz ürünleri ve hayvan pazarında bulunanlarda tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra insandan insana bulaşarak Vuhan başta olmak üzere Hubei eyaletindeki diğer şehirlere ve Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin diğer eyaletlerine ve diğer dünya ülkelerine yayılmıştır.
Coronavirüsler, hayvanlarda veya insanlarda hastalığa neden olabilecek büyük bir virüs ailesidir. İnsanlarda, birkaç koronavirüsün soğuk algınlığından Orta Doğu Solunum Sendromu (MERS) ve Şiddetli Akut Solunum Sendromu (SARS) gibi daha şiddetli hastalıklara kadar solunum yolu enfeksiyonlarına neden olduğu bilinmektedir. Koronavirüs hastalığına COVID-19 neden olur.
COVID-19 enfeksiyonu gelişen gebe kadınlarda hastalığın ciddiyeti konusunda sınırlı bilimsel kanıt vardır.
Bununla birlikte mevcut kanıtlar COVID-19 enfeksiyonu sonrası hamile kadınlar arasındaki hastalık şiddetinin, hamile olmayan yetişkin COVID-19 vakalarına benzer olduğunu ve hamilelik sırasında COVID-19 ile enfeksiyonun fetüste olumsuz bir etkisi olduğunu gösteren hiçbir veri olmadığını göstermektedir.
Şu ana kadar COVID-19’un hamilelik sırasında anneden bebeğe bulaştığına dair de bir kanıt bulunmamaktadır.
COVİD-19 enfeksiyonu ile ilgili şimdiye kadar edinilen bilgiler, bazı insanların daha fazla hastalanma ve ciddi semptomlar geliştirme riski altında olduğunu göstermiştir.
Hastalıktan En Çok Etkilenen Kişiler:
Çocuklar Risk Altında Mı?
Çocuklarda hastalık nadir ve hafif görünmektedir.
Çocuklarda şimdiye kadar ölüm görülmemiştir.
Hamileler Risk Altında Mı?
COVID-19 enfeksiyonu gelişen gebe kadınlarda hastalığın ciddiyeti konusunda sınırlı bilimsel kanıt vardır.
Bununla birlikte mevcut kanıtlar COVID-19 enfeksiyonu sonrası hamile kadınlar arasındaki hastalık şiddetinin, hamile olmayan yetişkin COVID-19 vakalarına benzer olduğunu ve hamilelik sırasında COVID-19 ile enfeksiyonun fetüste olumsuz bir etkisi olduğunu gösteren hiçbir veri olmadığını göstermektedir.
Şu ana kadar COVID-19’un hamilelik sırasında anneden bebeğe bulaştığına dair de bir kanıt bulunmamaktadır.
Wash your hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.
Keep at least 3-4 steps away from people who show signs of a cold.
Ventilate your environments frequently
Wash your clothes with normal detergent at 60-90 ° C.
If you have complaints such as fever, cough, shortness of breath, wear a mask and contact a health care provider.
Do not touch your eyes, mouth and nose with your hands
Spend the first 14 days at home on your return from abroad
Cover the mouth and nose with disposable wipes when coughing or sneezing, use the inside of the elbow if there is no wipe
Cancel or postpone your travels abroad
Clean your favorite surfaces, such as door handles, fixtures, sinks, with water and detergent daily.
Avoid close contact, such as shaking hands, hugging
If you have cold symptoms, do not contact the elderly and chronic patients, do not go out without wearing a mask
Do not share any personal belongings (casual items such as towels) in common.
Drink plenty of fluids, eat a balanced diet, pay attention to your sleep patterns!
Travel to countries with high number of cases or rapid increase in cases should be postponed if possible
The following applications are recommended for those who plan travel in case of necessity;
Contact with sick people should be avoided (if possible, at least 1 meter away).
If possible, you should not go to health centers because of the intensive presence of patients, and contact with other patients should be minimized when it is necessary to go to the health institution.
Food safety recommendations should be observed
Raw milk and animal products should not be consumed
Raw vegetables and fruits to be consumed should be consumed by washing them thoroughly, etc.
Avoid contact with wild and domestic animals (live or dead).
Attention should be paid to hand hygiene
Hands should be cleaned frequently
Hands should be washed with soap and water for at least 20 seconds,
Alcohol based antiseptic should be used in the absence of soap and water.
No need to use antiseptic soap, normal soap is enough
Especially in the presence of respiratory symptoms (such as fever, runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing, coughing, sore throat),
The nose and mouth should be covered with a disposable tissue paper during coughing or sneezing,
In the absence of tissue paper, the inside of the elbow should be used,
Hands should be washed frequently,
If possible, should not enter crowded places,
If it is necessary to enter, mouth and nose should be closed, and a medical mask should be used if possible.
People who are not sick do not need to wear a mask
If fever, cough, and respiratory distress develop within 14 days of the trip, they should contact the healthcare provider and report their travel history.
In patients who meet the COVID-19 possible case definition
Respiratory samples should be evaluated for SARS-CoV-2 *
Considering that co-infections may occur even if other respiratory pathogens are detected in the patient, all patient samples conforming to the possible case definition of COVID-19 should also be evaluated for SARS-CoV-2.
* General Directorate of Public Health Virology Reference Laboratory and Public Health Laboratories serving in specified provinces
Respiratory symptoms; fever, cough and dyspnea, etc.
In more serious cases; pneumonia, severe acute respiratory infection, kidney failure and even death.
Asymptomatic people carry viruses in the respiratory tract, but major transmission
Incubation Time
It was observed that it was 5-6 days (2-14 days) on average.
Infection Time
It is not known for certain.
It is thought that it starts 1-2 days before the symptomatic period and ends with the disappearance of the symptoms.
The disease is transmitted mainly through droplets
The virus can be transmitted from droplets emanating from coughing, sneezing from sick individuals, and from surfaces contaminated by patients (contact with hands, eyes, mouth, nasal mucosa).
To detect the transmission of the virus, but the main infection consists of sick individuals.
Not clear yet
The origin of SARS-CoV-2 is still under investigation
Available data indicate wild animals illegally sold in the Seafood Wholesale Market.
31 December 2019 WHO:
China Country Office, enter Wuhan of Hubei province of China
Reporting pneumonia cases of unknown etiology
Clustering of employees in the Wuhan South China Seafood City Market (a wholesale fish and livestock market selling different animal species)
January 13, 2020: First import case – Thailand
January 7, 2020 Identification of Influence:
It has not been detected in humans before
Identified as a new coronavirus
Single chain, positive polarity, envelope RNA viruses
In the Coronaviridae family
They are classified into four main types: Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Delta.
They can be found in humans, bats, pigs, cats, dogs, rodents and poultry (in domestic and wild animals).
Coronaviruses that cause colds: every year, usually during seasonal flu
hcov-229
hcov-OC43, respectively
hcov-NL63
HKU1-CoV
Causes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: SARS-CoV
Causes of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome: MERS-CoV
In the beta-coronavirus family: SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are also in the same family
Fatality rate
11% in SARS outbreak
35-50% in MERS-CoV
It is not necessary for pets, such as domestic cats / dogs, to be infected with the New Coronavirus (2019-nCoV). However, hands should always be washed with soap and water after contact with pets. It will be able to protect against other infections that can be transmitted from animals.
Standard cleaning with water and detergent is sufficient for cleaning schools. Particular attention should be paid to the cleaning of the door handles, faucets, handrails, toilet and sink surfaces with hands. There is no scientific evidence that the use of a number of products that are claimed to be specifically effective for this virus provide extra protection.
Your child may encounter flu, colds, and cold-causing viruses at school, or corona virus.
Do not pay attention to hand cleaning. Hands should be washed with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, soap and water are used for alcohol, hand antiseptics should be used. Soap containing antiseptic or antibacterial is not required, normal soap is sufficient.
Covering with tissue paper is for the inside of the elbow not to enter crowded places if possible.
General infection protection measures should be taken.
Attention should be paid to hand cleaning. Hands should be washed with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, and alcohol-based hand antiseptics should be used in the absence of soap and water. There is no need to use soap with antiseptic or antibacterial, normal soap is enough.
Standard cleaning with water and detergent is sufficient for surface cleaning. Particular attention should be paid to the cleaning of the door handles, faucets, handrails, toilet and sink surfaces with hands. There is no scientific evidence that the use of a number of products that are claimed to be specifically effective for this virus provides additional protection.
General measures should be taken to prevent infection.
Do not pay attention to hand cleaning. Hands should be washed with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, soap and water are used for alcohol, hand antiseptics should be used. Soap containing antiseptic or antibacterial is not required, normal soap is sufficient.
It is suggested that covering with tissue paper, using the inside of the elbow because of the absence of tissue paper, if possible, not entering crowded places, may be using.
Since the virus cannot survive on inanimate surfaces for a long time, no transmission is expected to people carrying the patient’s suitcases. It is appropriate to put alcohol hand antiseptic in accessible places.
Standard cleaning with water and detergent is sufficient in accommodation facilities. Particular attention should be paid to the surfaces that are frequently touched by hands, door handles, batteries, handrails, toilet and sink cleaning. There is no scientific evidence that the use of a number of products that are claimed to be specifically effective for this virus provide extra protection.
Attention should be paid to hand cleaning. Hands should be washed with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, and alcohol-based hand antiseptics should be used in the absence of soap and water. There is no need to use soap with antiseptic or antibacterial, normal soap is enough.
The person suffering from any viral respiratory infection should cover his nose and mouth with a disposable tissue paper during coughing or sneezing, if there is no paper tissue, use the elbow inside, if possible, not entering crowded places, if necessary, closing the mouth and nose, using a medical mask if possible. is recommended.
Guests, who carry personal belongings, such as suitcases, are not expected to become infectious (pose a risk of disease spread) even if the virus cannot survive on inanimate surfaces for a long time. However, in general, hands should be washed immediately after such procedures or hand cleaning should be provided with alcohol based antiseptic.
In addition, if there are guests coming from the regions where the disease is intense, if there is a fever, sneezing, cough among the guests, it is preferable to wear a medical mask for this person and the driver to wear a medical mask for self-protection.
It should be ensured that the vehicles are frequently ventilated with fresh air during use. In vehicle ventilation, it should be preferred to heat and cool the air with the air taken from outside. In-vehicle conversion of air should not be used.
It is recommended that these vehicles be well ventilated and standard general cleaning is done with water and detergent. It is recommended that the vehicles should be cleaned after each use, if possible.
In general, since these viruses can remain alive for a short period of time, there is no need for contamination by package or cargo. The World Health Organization has no restrictions on this matter.
It can also be used for the new Coronavirus (2019-nCoV). these;
– Hand cleaning will be paid attention. Hands should be washed with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, soap and water are used for alcohol, hand antiseptic should be used. Soap containing antiseptic or antibacterial is not needed, normal soap is sufficient.
– The mouth, nose and eyes should not be touched without washing hands.
– Sick people should avoid contact (if possible, be at least 1 m).
– You are often chosen hands, especially after direct contact with sick people or their environment.
– Centers should not be visited, healthcare center should be minimized and contact with other rechargeable patients should be minimized.
– For coughing or sneezing, the nose and mouth should be covered with a disposable tissue paper, the elbow should be used as there is no tissue paper, if possible, it should not be entered in crowded places.
– Eating raw or undercooked products was avoided. It prefers well cooked food.
– High risk areas should be avoided between general infections such as farms, livestock markets and areas where animals can be slaughtered.
– If any respiratory symptoms occur within 14 days after travel, the nearest healthcare facility should be worn by wearing a mask, and the doctor should be informed about the travel history.
The basic principles proposed to reduce the overall risk of transmission of acute respiratory infections also apply to the New Coronavirus (2019-nCoV). These;
– Hand cleaning should be considered. Hands should be washed with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, and alcohol-based hand antiseptics should be used in the absence of soap and water. There is no need to use soap with antiseptic or antibacterial, normal soap is enough.
– The mouth, nose and eyes should not be touched without washing hands.
– Sick people should avoid contact (if possible, be at least 1 m away).
– Hands should be washed frequently, especially after direct contact with sick people or their environment.
– Today, there is no need for healthy people to use masks in our country. The person suffering from any viral respiratory infection should cover his nose and mouth with a disposable tissue paper during coughing or sneezing, if there is no paper tissue, use the elbow inside, if possible, not entering crowded places, if necessary, closing the mouth and nose, using a medical mask if possible. is recommended.
No, there is no vaccine developed yet. It is reported that a vaccine that can be used safely on humans despite the advances in technology can be produced at the earliest year.
Thermal cameras are used to detect people with fever and to conduct further examinations of whether they carry disease by separating them from other people. Of course, it is not possible to detect patients without fever or those who are still in the incubation phase and who are not yet sick. However, since there is not yet another fast and more effective method that can be used for scanning purposes, all countries use thermal cameras. In addition to the thermal cameras, passengers from the risky area are informed in different languages on the aircraft, and information brochures prepared in foreign languages are distributed at the passport points.